The router runs the peewee ospf 3 routing protocol, and does address lookup and packet forwarding at linerate. Leveraging emerging technology through architectural. The ip filter module is in charge of all layer 3 routing and layer 4 translation operations. Routing area per tile length 416 length 48 channel width changes with aspect ratio even ratio of length 4, 8 wires heterogeneous wires reduces delay 25 30% lutsize 4 area to 6 speed betz, tvlsi 2000 lewis, fpga03 hutton, fpga02 lewis. We describe triptych, a new fpga architecture, that blends logic and routing. Fast reroute and multipath routing extensions to the.
As illustrated in the g ure 3, the schematic view of the nfpga cell consists of two parts. Netfpga tutorial router computing field programmable. As sram technology is used to implement lookup tables, connection sites are large. The architecture in 26 spreads lookup tables luts into different active layers and routes through 3d switch boxes. In recent years, nanoelectronics has become one of the most important and exciting forefront in science and engineering. Hardware performed the address lookup, mac address learning, packet buffering, and packet scheduling. Lap lambert academic publishing july 11, 2012 language. Fpga routing architecture analysis under variations. This architecture features a novel adaptive logic module alm that is based on a 6lut, but can be partitioned into two smaller luts to efficiently implement circuits containing a range of lut sizes that arises in conventional synthesis flows.
In xilinx routing, connections are made from logic block into the channel through a connection block. Compared to the heterogeneous architecture of commercial fpgas, liquid silicon is inherently a homogeneous architecture comprising a twodimensional 2d array of identical tiles. An illustration of typical fpga architecture is shown in figure. We then draw some conclusions and discuss our future work in section. In most commercially available fpgas, these routing structures consume the majority of the chip area, and are responsible for most of the circuit delay.
To implement circuits in each fpga routing architecture of interest, one requires both a cad tool set incorporating sufficiently flexible. Section iv presents the details of 3d nfpga architecture. Frequency scaled router is an energy efficient router that is able to dynamically adapt its routing capability in response to realtime traffic load, achieving energy proportional routing. We are the developers of high quality and low cost fpga development kits. About us is commercial site for selling fpga development products and it is part of invent logics. Fpga routing architecture computer engineering university of. Our implementation uses a pipeline to provide submodules arp. Whether each routing switch is a pass transistor or a. Section vi provides detailed performance and power results using the largest twenty mcnc benchmarks. The l1 tile is made up of a lut and neighbortoneighbor directional routing resources. Suresh srinivasan, prasanth mangalagiri, yuan xie, n. The length of each routing wire segment how many logic blocks a routing wire spans before terminating, 2.
From these threecompanies actel and altera have respectively solve their routing problems by adapting channelstyle asic routing algorithms 1 or over assigning routing resources 2. The nextgeneration architecture for your nextgeneration architecture while the wider bus implementation might lead to the need for a lower system clock frequency, significant timingclosure challenges now arise due to a lack of routing resources required to support systems with wide buses. A novel switch block and depopulated interconnect matrix architecture, m. Netfpga an open platform for gigabitrate network switching and routing john w. Automatic generation of fpga routing architectures from. Eflx200k test chip in tsmc16ffc 7x7 array 114,240 6luts 183k lut4s 560 22x22 macs 4. A logic block is surrounded by connection blocks on all four sides. To wit, running rkd alongside a standard routing daemon, such as xorp, or zebraquagga, should provide hardware acceleration of the forwarding table without any further configuration provided the routing software is using the netfpga interfaces for forwarding. A thorough evaluation of this architecture considering various wire parameters is conducted and compared to the traditional srambased fpga. Gusto also provides an optimized application specific architecture with an average of 59% area. Thus, the capability of processing the bidirectional routing architectures of the mainstream efpgas is obtained, while the conventional soft core.
This paper describes the altera stratix ii logic and routing architecture. Vantis 5 employ this style of routing architecture. Here routing places the subblocks from the above process into the logic blocks according to the constraints and then connect those blocks device programming. This means that the problem of routing is architecture dependent and therefore the number of routers needed to route fgpas is as varied as fpga architectures. Fast reroute detection of link failure or topology change in the reference router is generally based on the ospf messages timing out. A novel predictable segmented fpga routing architecture. Carbon nanotube nanorelays with passtransistor for fpga.
Introduction to fpga and its architecture towards data. Based on this device, the proposed fpga architecture, sgfpga, can maintain the baseline fpga architecture and significantly reduce the size and power consumption of. Design and verification of a soft efpga using new method. An fpga architecture with integrated logic and routing. We also show that 50% to 80% of the routing switches in an fpga should be pass transistors, with the remainder being tristate buff ers. In this paper, we present two feature extensions to the netfpga reference router. Different signals cannot share same nodes in routing network sharing congestion 3. In this paper, a novel reconfigurable architecture, cfpga cmosnanorelay fpga is developed by integrating carbon nanorelays and cmos devices to function as fpga components. The above mentioned routed design must be loaded and converted into a format supported by the fpga. Given this side vmlayer already exists, a key issue is to automate the vmlayer migration from an architecture to an application description. Netfpga tutorial free download as powerpoint presentation.
A novel design methodology for soft efpga is proposed. Collaborative routing architecture for fpga yaling ma, student member, ieee, and mingjie lin, student member, ieee abstractin this paper we present the collaborative routing architecture cra, a routing architecture specially designed to achieve high ef. Details of basic fpga logic blocks and different routing architectures are then described. Routing architectures for hierarchical field programmable. The routing architecture of an fpga is a dominating factor on the overall chip area, circuit delay and power consumption. In comparison with the previous soft core design approach, a structureddescription strategy is applied and the process of logic synthesis is bypassed in the new design flow. Routing architecture the programmable routing in an fpga provides connections among logic blocks and io blocks. The logic fabric and routing architecture in altera fpgas are unmatched, providing customers with a number of advantages. A green prototype router that can operate in five different frequencies is built based on the netfpga reference router. Our new fpga routing architecture is designed to maximize.
Defining the nfpga as an architecture is easy and appear using madeohdl. To improve the performance of the integrated circuits, new emerging and paradigms are needed. In this paper we compare the routing architecture of islandstyle fpgas based on fieldprogrammable switch boxes with a maskprogrammable routing structure, in order to assess its position in the. Pdf this paper describes the altera stratix ii logic and routing architecture. Optimize delay of critical nets take more direct routes. Find a feasible routing for all signals nets using routing network feasible means.
This is the most commonly used architecture among academic and commercial fpgas. Netfpga 10g reference router netfpganetfpgapublic wiki. In the following subsections, we discuss different components of the routing architecture and our dualvdddualvt routing architecture. Gusto is the first tool of its kind to provide automatic generation of a variety of general purpose matrix inversion architectures with different parameterization options. Exem94 exemplar logic, vhdl synthesis reference manual, 1994. The packet data bus is used to transfer the packets between di. Lockwood, nick mckeown, greg watson, glen gibb, paul hartke, jad naous, ramanan raghuraman, and jianying luo stanford university.
Section v provides interconnect and device characterization for the 3d nfpga and an architecture evaluation cad flow. The routing architecture was developed using the altera fpga. Architectureaware fpga placement using metric embedding. Toolset for nanoreconfigurable computing sciencedirect. Virtual array architecture for efpga design and reuse. Based on this device, the proposed fpga architecture, sgfpga, can maintain the baseline fpga architecture and significantly reduce the size and power consumption of the memory and routing elements. This paper presents a datacentric reconfigurable architecture, namely liquid silicon, enabled by emerging nonvolatile memory, i.
Second, the routing fabric is completely redesigned to use nanowires arranged in a crossbar with molecular switches placed at their junctions to provide programmability. Lewis university of toronto department of electrical and computer engineering toronto, ontario, canada abstract this paper evaluates an architecture that implements a hierarchical routing structure for fpgas, called a hierarch ical fpga hfpga. Software implemented network management and participated in a distributed, dynamic routing protocol by responding to arp, icmp, and route update messages. An fpga design space exploration tool for matrix inversion.
The architecture in 8 implements intercluster routing in one layer and clusters logic blocks or con. This islandstyle architecture is a very general version of most commercial architectures from altera and xilinx. The architecture of an fpga specifies both the structure of its logic block and its programmable routing. Open a project containing the picoblaze 8bit microcontroller and simulate the design using the isim hdl simulator provided with the ise foundation software. While most of the electronics industry is dependent on the everdecreasing size of lithographic transistors, this scaling cannot continue indefinitely. These plots demonstrate that to model delays accurately in fpga placement, we need a metric that captures the delay contours of the fpga routing architecture, rather than the euclidean or manhattan metrics used in asic placement. Architecture and cad for nanoscale and 3d fpga core.
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